Corrections & Retractions Policy

P-ISSN: 3051-2778 E-ISSN: 3051-2786
Corrections and Retractions Policy

The GRWS International Journal of Applied Commerce and Strategic Management is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record. Appropriate editorial action will be taken when errors or serious ethical concerns are identified before or after publication.

Editorial Notice Types & Criteria
Corrections
Erratum / Corrigendum

Published when an error affects accuracy, author details, tables, figures, or references without invalidating main findings. Notice remains permanently linked to the article.

Expressions of Concern
Under Review

Issued when serious questions arise but investigation is incomplete or evidence is inconclusive. May later resolve into a correction, retraction, or confirmation.

Retractions
Retracted

Executed for data fabrication, plagiarism, unethical research, peer-review fraud, or fatal errors. Retracted papers remain in the record but are clearly watermark-marked.

Grounds for Article Retraction
• Data fabrication, falsification, or image manipulation.
• Unattributed plagiarism or redundant duplicate publication.
• Serious methodological flaws rendering findings completely unreliable.
• Unethical research practices or lack of mandatory consent.
• Manipulated peer-review, review rings, or fake reviewer details.
• Major authorship fraud, paper-mill origin, or copyright breach.
Formal Investigation Process

When concerns emerge, the editorial team conducts an initial assessment, requests evidence/raw data from authors, consults reviewers, ethics committees, or institutions, and evaluates findings impartially. Authors are given a formal opportunity to respond prior to final decisions.

Author Responsibilities

Authors must promptly notify the journal if they discover significant errors in their published work post-publication. Authors are expected to cooperate fully with editorial investigations, supply raw statistical/survey outputs, and assist with formal corrective actions.

Final Editorial Authority

The Editor-in-Chief or an authorized academic editor holds final responsibility for all decisions concerning corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions. All actions are driven strictly by evidence, seriousness of the error, and the paramount need to safeguard the integrity of the published scholarly record.